Classical Chinese I

Course 1: Classical Chinese I — Foundations

Description:

This course introduces students to the fundamental grammar, vocabulary, and syntax of Classical Chinese (文言文). Designed for students with no prior background, it focuses on comprehension and translation of short passages from early Chinese texts.

Objectives:

  • Master essential Classical Chinese grammar and particles
  • Develop foundational vocabulary (~300 high-frequency characters)
  • Read and translate simple Classical Chinese sentences
  • Gain familiarity with major pre-Qin texts and themes

Units:

  1. Introduction to Classical Chinese
    • Differences between Classical and Modern Chinese
    • Basic word order and syntax
  2. Essential Particles and Grammar
    • 之, 其, 者, 所, 而, 以, 為
    • Subject-verb-object structures, modifiers
  3. Pronouns, Negation, and Questions
    • 吾, 汝, 彼, 不, 非, 無
    • Interrogatives: 何, 安, 孰
  4. Verbs and Complements
    • Transitive/intransitive verbs
    • Modal and auxiliary verbs
  5. Short Readings and Translation Practice
    • Analects (selected aphorisms)
    • Mencius and Zhuangzi excerpts (very basic)

Assessment:

  • Weekly translation assignments
  • Grammar quizzes
  • Final translation project